Understand Children and Young Peoples Self Directed Play

Freely chosen, self directed play. Refer back to assignment 1. The play cycle A play cycle begins in the pre conscious thoughts of the child, it is at the point of daydream where the playful impulse is created and given out as the play cue. Once this cue is taken up by a responding partner the play cycle begins. The metalude signals the start of the play process and while it supports a single play thought in the Childs consciousness it can change in seconds to become another playful thoughts or an extended version of its original self. The play cue can be given out in many ways, facial expressions, eyes contact, body language or simply through using materials I.e. a ball or a colouring pencil. Looking back through my reflective diary I†¦show more content†¦Loose parts provide a high level of creativity and choice as there are endless possibilities for how they can be played with. In my setting yesterday the children used loose parts such as cardboard boxes, bottle tops and shiny paper to make a robot, the robot then became a bus and later a child’s hideout. Simon Nichols theory of loose parts argues that creativity is not for the gifted, he believes that it is our education and cultural conditions that lead us to believe this .He said that ‘in any environment, both the degree of inventiveness and creativity and the possibility of discovery are directly proportional to the number of loose parts and kind of variables in it.’ You do not have to be a gifted musician to make music, the children and young people at my setting often make there own music, with pots, pans and trays or even banging small sticks on surface areas. Play preferences. Preference for outdoor play. Child A plays mostly outdoors as he believes it is more fun, and loves to investigate the surroundings. The choice of indoor play is often related to the weather, child A only plays inside when its cold or raining. It is only in severe weather conditions children have to stay in doors as in our setting we believe the children can learn and develop much more outside even when the weather is poor. Play preferences are the child’s own choices the freedom opportunities to be able to make those choices by enabling varied resources that areShow MoreRelatedTda 2.16 Support Children and Young People with Play and Leisure749 Words   |  3 PagesTDA 2.16 Support Children and Young People with Play and Leisure 1. Understand the Nature and Importance of Play and Leisure 1.1 Describe the Importance of Play and Leisure for young people Both Play and Leisure are vital components of a childs life as a range of stimulating play and leisure opportunities will support the physical emotional sensory and spiritual and intellectual growth of the child. It helps them to form and sustain relationships and also improves communication, educationalRead MoreUnit Eymp 1 Context and Principles for Early Years Provision Essay1527 Words   |  7 Pages EYMP1 A2: Different approaches Indentify four different approaches to working with children and record these in the table below. Explain how each approach has influenced current early year’s provision in the UK Approaches to working with children and how has this influenced current early years provision in the UK? There are four different approaches to working with children †¢ Reggio Emilia †¢ High/Scope †¢ Montessori †¢ Steiner 1. Reggio Emilia we use Reggio EmiliaRead MoreShould Technology Be Taught 21st Century?1568 Words   |  7 Pageswill willingly agree that digital technologies provide one more outlet for young children to demonstrate their creativity and learning. Where this agreement usually ends, however, is on the question of including iPads into the curriculum in a preschool classroom. While some are convinced that introducing iPads into the curriculum means children will stop playing, pretending, and learning to socialize, others believe that children today are digital natives and therefore should be taught 21st Century SkillsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Film The World s Classroom 1727 Words   |  7 Pagesclassroom are Self-directed Learning and The Four Aspects of Engagement. Both of these concepts connect to multiple parts of the classroom including how Claire teaches and student’s ability to learn. While most studies focusing on self-directed learning have been studying adults, more studies are starti ng to be conducted that look at k-12. While this film was done in 2000, it is a perfect example of self-directed learning, and encouragement of engagement, focusing on young children. Through her variousRead MoreChildren s Views On Children And Young People1515 Words   |  7 Pagesand principles which underpin children and young people s play and learning including children s views this means hearing the children s voice, thoughts, view and opinions. Listening to what the children have to say because it may have an effect on the environment which will make it more child like challenging. By having a stimulating environment it will enable the children to explore investigate take risks as well as playing and learning. Children and young people will achieve better if they areRead MoreThe Effects Of Affective Development On Children Essay1457 Words   |  6 PagesAdults play a very important role in the affective development in children. Now more than ever, children are being raised in a very unpredictable world. Adults are now taking on a much greater challenge when working with young children to help set the foundation for affective development. When it comes to the educational side of affective development, teachers are given NAEYC guidelines to help in their decision making. These guidelines are designed to promote competent young children. It isRead MoreSearch Of Self Written By Virginia M. Axline And Published By The Random House Publishing Group940 Words   |  4 PagesThis following nonfiction is Dibs: In Search of Self written by Virginia M. Axline and published by the Random House Publishing Group in America during 1964. The plot revolves around a young 5 year-old boy that is emotionally deprived from his parents and is mentally unstable around other individuals. The little boy would often hide in the corner of the classroom or under tables to avoid human contact, and when someone his age were to approach him, he would try to scratch or kick them. VirginiaRead MoreHow Play Affects The Childs Five Areas Of Development982 Words   |  4 PagesPlay Play is important to children. Play enhances the Childs five areas of development. Play is also an important part of a young Childs day. Young children love to pretend and play make-believe. Fantasy play provides opportunities for growth and development. Play also encourages experimentation and discovery. Toys are tools for play and play is a Childs work. When children play they learn that is why it is important. Play is the most natural and effective environment for a child to learn. DuringRead MorePlay in childhood 1379 Words   |  6 PagesPlay What is play? Play is defined as engaging in activates for enjoyment recreation rather than a serious practical purpose. Playing is a disorganized voluntary spontaneous activity, which may include objects, one’s body, symbol usage, and relationships. Play is flexible, individualize, grouped, motivating, self-directed, open-ended, or self-directed. (Smith, 2013) (Saskatchewan Ministry of Education, 2010) While playing, children are gaining creative skills for creative developmentRead MoreWhat Can We Do About Ageism?925 Words   |  4 Pagestime consuming. I separate the solutions into three parts, First, old people need to face the social problems without fear, being honest about their physical, physiological situations and clear about their own needs, for instance, what they want to learn, what kind of help they need; Next, young people, especially teachers, doctors, family members and friends of older adults can observe their needs and help them to build self-confidences and re-build the social connections; Then, governments can

No Child Left Behind is the Way to Get Ahead Essay

No Child Left Behind is the Way to Get Ahead There are many students in America today that are struggling to make the grade. These students have not been given all opportunities and chances that they should have been given to be able to reach a higher level of education. Now children have a way to be able to get to the academic level that they rightfully deserve. President George W. Bush has created a plan for the future and a way to get all of our countries students to thrive in the education system and in life. With this initiative, America will be able to close the achievement gap between the Caucasian higher income students, and the lower income minority students. No Child Left Behind is the only way that lower income†¦show more content†¦The flexibility of this act also means that the schools will receive more funding in order to accommodate the shuffling of students and the effectiveness of the program. With a program that is willing to make adjustments for the best interest of the student, and their ed ucation, how can you go wrong? From the beginning, teachers have been praising the No Child Left Behind Act, and of course for many great reasons. The government is playing a huge part in this act to ensure that the schools and students will have access to the most money possible to fund this program. After school reading programs will be funded one billion dollars by the government (Delisio). The school districts will also be allotted more money to pay for the training and special aid that teachers will receive in order to teach the students scientifically proven methods in the teaching of reading (Fact Sheet). Although the funds for these programs are coming from the national government, the local school district will still have more control on how the money is spent on the students (Delisio). Another important fact that contributes to the success of the act is that teachers will have to be certified, and pass evaluations to ensure quality (Delisio). Teachers will not have to be concerned about the compe tency of their coworkers, or worry aboutShow MoreRelatedKnowledge Is Not Encourage Education Essay737 Words   |  3 Pageslesson plan and the students moved on, thus advancing them ahead to the next grade anyways. However, in the next year, that class was expected to know what a stem-and-leaf plot was, whether or not they learned it. When a student learns in class today, the teacher presents them with the material and discerns whether or not they should learn that. The class is instructed all at once to the same assignment. They are not allowed to get ahead and if a student is struggling it goes unnoticed. The studentsRead MoreIdrivesafely Texas Adult Drivers Ed1143 Words   |  5 PagesQuestion 1: Your driver license may be suspended for causing: Correct:  One serious collision Question 2: You can lawfully allow an object to extend beyond the left side of your vehicle: Correct:  3 inches Question 3: What is the minimum age to get a license? Correct:  16 with an approved driver education course Question 4: What is the maximum fine for a conviction of driving without a valid driver license? Correct:  $200 Question 5: Your driver license may be suspended for: Correct:  HabitualRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act1633 Words   |  7 PagesJapan. One policy currently in place that is making it difficult for teachers to teach the way they would like is the No Child Left behind Act. 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I think some of my incidents really had some impact, and some were just simple ways of life. To tell you the truth, the incident that had the most impact on me has to be when my real father left me at theRead MoreNo Child Left Alive: A Critique of No Child Left Behind Essay example1573 Words   |  7 PagesNo Child Left Alive No child left behind does nothing but dishearten the students who are proving to be ahead of the average student from wanting to improve. While the struggling students are simply carried from one grade to the next. The No Child Left Behind Act is great in theory but is too heavily reliant on standardized tests and percentages and not enough about what the students actually learn. Being a survivor of NCLB I have had firsthand experience with this topic and from an above averageRead MoreBlake – Songs of Innocence and Experience: the Chimney Sweeper813 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Blake: a man with ideas far ahead of his time, a dreamer, and had true poetic talent. Blake was an engraver, who wrote two groups of corresponding poems, namely The Songs of Experience, and The Songs of Innocence. Songs of Innocence was written originally as poems for children, but was later paired up with The Songs of Experience, which he wrote to highlight what he felt were society’s most pr ominent problems. This essay will be focusing on ‘The Chimney Sweeper.’ Firstly, I’ll look at TheRead MoreThe Importance of Learning to Speak Spanish1148 Words   |  5 Pagesmany people speak it as their first language. It is slightly ahead of English (328 million) but far behind Chinese (1.2 billion)† (Erichsen). I am going to college to get my degree in Elementary Education. I am taking a course to learn to speak Spanish – hablar espaà ±ol, because I have noticed this myself. According to Spanish SEO’s statistics, the US is the 3rd highest ranking country for Spanish speakers at 44 million people, just behind Mexico and Columbia at 109 million and 45 million, respectivelyRead MoreThe Struggle of Divorce1040 Words   |  4 Pagesprocess of divorce, most of children’s opinions are left out of the process. This causes a great deal of tension for the children. Many children become very stressed during this process because they do not want their parents to separate (â€Å"The Truth About Children and Divorce†). The tension of divorce negatively affects children’s everyday life because the parents are not taking the child’s opinions into consideration leaving the children feeling left out and rejected. The decision of whether to stay

Human Trafficking and Global Slave Trade

Question: Discuss about the Human Trafficking and Global Slave Trade. Answer: Introduction: The slavery in the international law is governed by a number of declarations, treaties and convention. United Nations Refugee Agency, United Nations Human rights, UNICEF, United Nations women organization, International Labor organizations are some of the organizations that are involved in the issues of trafficking of people and exploiting people. They also deal with the efforts towards basic human rights. The Universal Declaration on Human Rights was passed on 10th December 1948. This is not a treaty in itself rather it was signed to ensure that there was fundamental freedom for all. Article 1, 13 and 55 that has been formed in the Charter of the United Nations and the Vienna convention deals with these laws. In 1968, the United Nations International Conference on Human Rights formed the human right covenant. These were the International Covenant on Civil and Political rights and International covenant on economic, social and cultural rights. This declaration of the 1968 has been us ed in many of the implementation. The UN International Labor Organization (ILO) was formed in 1930 to address these issues of slavery. These are some of the efforts taken by UN to address the issue of slavery. Primarily according to the UN conventions the laws mandated for international slavery and trafficking are classified into migrant workers, exploitation of children and women fall under a different clause. There are specific laws for domestic servitude, human rights violation, exploitation of children and women for sexual exploitation and also forcing children into armed conflict. The United Nations High Commission for Human rights deals with the issues of slavery, exploitation and anti-trafficking. There are separate laws for children and women exploitation, migrant worker exploitation. In the following section there will be discussion historical development and the current laws regarding the same. Overview of UN Conventions and history/development Initial efforts to combat slavery has been found in the abolition of the slavery movement, provisions of slavery convention (1926). Forced labor convention (1930) was held where it was determined that all forms of forced or compulsory labor should be prohibited. Abolition of Forced Labor Convention was held in 1957. Child Labour convention (1999) were held to combat the rising issue of children being forced to work. In 1949, there was the employment convention that was held to protect the employees from being misled to work as slaves. Another convention was held in 1975. Home Work Convention 1996, was held to ensure that there of equal treatment of the homeworkers. In 2011, there was the convention held for the decent work of domestic workers. Some of secondary international laws that segments the trafficking of the people include Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), the International Covenants on Civil and Political Rights (1966), The United Nations Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others (1949) and the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women (1979). These have served as an important function to eliminate the trafficking. The United Nations Human Rights Council also plays an important role in the creation of treaties regarding the same. The UN International Labor Organization (ILO) has been originally formed in 1930 to address the issues of slavery in the nations. This organization deals with the labor issues in the nations and develops International Labor standards and mandates. Social protection and equal work opportunity are some of the issues that are dealt. ILO has 187 member states. On the 2nd December 1949 the resolution 317(1V) was passed. From that year to the current year, UN has declared 2nd December as the International day for the abolition of slavery. The focus is to eradicate the different forms of child exploitation, sexual exploitation, force marriage and forced recruitment of child soldier for armed conflict. The overall plan for the United Nations has been to take a global effort to prevent slavery. The ILO is used to register complaints that violates the international rules. However, it is important to note that there should not be sanctions imposed on the government. Definitions for human traffi cking has been explicitly explained in the Violence Protection Act of 2000. This is the official definition that has been explained in the United States. This definition has been developed to include the factors of modern slavery that exists in the nation. Slavery has been rising at an alarming rate in the nations according to the United Nations report. International law has been considered as a powerful tool for handling the issue of human trafficking. These laws handle the issues of debt bondage, domestic servitude, contract slavery or kidnapping.One of the most important force in this international law formation is the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime the related protocols that has been created by the United Nations. These were the past efforts taken by the United Nations to combat the issue of slavery. UN action against slavery-like practices and, the UN human rights (3pages) UN has undertaken a comprehensive effort to handle the issue of trafficking and slavery of people. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is the first effort taken by the UN to describe the kinds of human rights violation. The Covenant on civil and political rights state that the individuals have the right to self-determination, right to own, trade and sell their property without being deprived. The rights to legal recourse, right to life, liberty and freedom of movement, right to equality, right to presumption of innocence until proven guilty, right to privacy, freedom of thought and expression are some of the factors. There are also many laws that protect the socio cultural dynamics of the people. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) is responsible for adopting the mandates for the human rights violation and trafficking. The Global Plan of Action Against Trafficking in Persons by the General Assembly (2010) along with the Human Rights Council Resolution (11/3) have provided memoirs recommendations and guidelines. According to this legislation the rights-ba sed approach has been used for the intergovernmental organizations of Cameroon, Moldova, UAE to name a few. It provides training towards officials from certain countries. Inter-agency Coordination Group against Trafficking in Persons (ICAT), UN GIFT UN Global Initiative to Fight Human Trafficking play an important role in the implementation of these legislations. The UN convention has tried to develop a comprehensive policy of ensuring that people are protected. It discusses about the ways to prevent people from being victimized, special ways to protect the children victims and the ways to compensate the victims after they have been subjected to these human right violations or from being abused under the trafficking practices. According to the UN convention, trafficking of people is a gross violation of human rights. Article 1 explains about the gender differentiation of the human rights violation. Article 2 of the convention explains about the different forms of offence against the people. Article 8 states that the victims of trafficking should not be penalized or prosecuted. Article 11 provides the ways in which the victims can be protected and the ways to provide assistance to the victims. Article 11 (1) to Article 11 (7) discusses about the different ways in which the people can be assisted along with the recovery periods. Article 13 provides guidelines to protect children. Article 15 and 16 gives detailed nuances of the ways to protect the child victims. Article 17 discusses about the compensation that should be provided to the victims. Article 18 provides guidelines to the nation to prevent such abuses. The Geneva convention are a series of treaties that explains to the different governments about ho w the civilians, prisoners of wars and soldier needs to be treated. Geneva convention mandates the ways in which the people esp. the prisonors of war should be protected. There is also continual monitoring and individual treaties that are signed by certain nations to protect the people from being abused. These are the many ways in which the United Nations takes effort to prevent human trafficking and ensure that the human rights are not violated. Reference: Antonio Cassese, , Paola Gaeta, Laurel Baig, Mary Fan, and Christopher Gosnell. Cassese's international criminal law. Oxford University Press, 2013. Assembly, UN General. "Convention on the Rights of the Child." (2014). Barner, J., David O, and Meghan C. "Socio-economic inequality, human trafficking, and the global slave trade." Societies 4, no. 2 (2014): 148-160. Charnovitz, S. "Influence of International Labour Standards on the World Trading Regime-A Historical Overview, The."Int'l Lab. Rev.126 (1987): 565. Fassbender, B. "United Nations Charter As Constitution of the International Community, The."Colum. J. Transnat'l L.36 (1998): 529. Honnold, J, and Harry FUniform law for international sales under the 1980 United Nations Convention. Kluwer law international, 2009. Huzzey, R. Freedom Burning: Anti-Slavery and Empire in Victorian Britain. Cornell University Press, 2012 Keck, M., and Kathryn S. Activists beyond borders: Advocacy networks in international politics. Cornell University Press, 2014. Mosler, H, Paulus A, and Chaitidou E. The Charter of the United Nations: a commentary. Edited by Bruno Simma. Vol. 2. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. Nowak, M Elizabeth M and Kerstin B.The United Nations Convention against torture: a commentary. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008. Philip. A "Does the Past Matter? On the Origins of Human Rights."Harv. L. Rev. 126 (2013): 2043-2479. Sally Engle.M "Counting the Uncountable: Constructing Trafficking through Measurement." (2015) Shelton, D. "International law and relative normativity."International law2 (2014): 159-184. Spring, J. Deculturalization and the struggle for equality: A brief history of the education of dominated cultures in the United States. Routledge, 2016. Woodhead, M. "Combatting child labour listen to what the children say."Childhood6, no. 1 (1999): 27-49.

The Lottery Essays (1156 words) - A Good Man Is Hard To Find

The Lottery Mario Cruz M. Seiferth Eng 1302 Shirley Jackson's The Lottery and Flannery O'Connnors A Good Man Is Hard To Find are stories that deal with mans inhumanity to man by illastrating different situation, but lead to the same conclusion and with no thought of the consequences. Jackson and O'Connor use central characters to show how man has the power to distort reality into something the people accept into everyday life. Jackson uses tradition in The Lottery when she uses Mr. Summers as the announcer of the lottery every year. Mr. Summers was a person who believed in the lottery and never thought of ending this tradition. Every year Mr. Summers spoke about making a new box, but no one liked to upset even as much tradition as was represented by the black box. When the people were asked to get in like to pick a paper, they had done it so many times, they half listened to the directions, (Jackson 235). For generations the lottery was always performed on the twenty-seventh of June, but the orginal box was lost, the rituals were forgotten, but the villagers did remember to use stones. Tradition in A Good Man Is Hard To Find O'Connor goes a different path of traditon but lead to same consequences. The Misfit like Mr. Summers is messanger of death, but for different reasons. Like the people of The Lottery the family in A Good Man Is Hard To Find both have a destination and a purpose and that is to meet their maker. The person in The Lottery is killed for being unlucky, and in A Good Man Is Hard To Find the Misfit was inprisoned for a reason he does not remember. It was in the best way to keep up his reputation as a killer, to go ahead and kill the entire family, and in this way in his mind he is saving them from sinning again. These stories were of manupalation of the mind. Jackson used two main characters to make the people go along and continue the lottery. The people of the village had been so brainwashed by Mr. Summers and Old Man Warner that they did whatever they said to do. When Mr. Summers raised one hand high and said, Adams. A man disengaged himself from the crowd and came forward(Jackson 235) Old Man Warner was the oldest person in town and always talked about the lottery in that it was a good thing because when the lottery is performed corn be heavy soon. (Jackson 236). The people have lack of independent thought when they follow Mr. Summers, and Old Man Warner tells the villagers to finish Mrs. Hutchinson quickly. Without hesatation the crowd picks up stones and start stoning Mrs.Hutchinson with no thought of why or if it's even right to do this act. When O'Connor had her characters manupalate the rest, the grandmother was loudmouth, know it all, always giving her son Bailey suggestion on how to go about the vaction they planned. When she suggested to her son to go to the house with the secret panel, she told him that it would be a good educational trip for the children. Bailey was not thinking for himself when he was following his mothers directions to the secret panel house. If it weren't for the grandmothers cat Pitty Sing they would have never come across the Misfit. When the Misfit did arrive on the scene he was in total control of his men, Bobby Lee and Hiram. The Misfit was in charge of everything that went on from that moment on. The only time in the story that he was a follower or lacked the indepence to question, was when he was inprisoned for something he could not remember. The only thing he was told was that he killed his father and that prison had papers on him. The Misfit blames the penatentary for the way he acts and his actions. The Lottery is a story that was about self-preservation of ones self. Old Man Warner had lived seventy-seven years and had never been the chosen one, so he was always for the lottery. To him the lottery was not bad because he was never the one

Macbeth Commentary Essays - Characters In Macbeth, Free Essays

Macbeth Commentary Essays - Characters In Macbeth, Free Essays Macbeth Commentary Macbeth Commentary In Macbeths speech about the witches telling him their prophecies, central and dramatic purpose are given in more than one way. Macbeths aside is mainly an inward conflict in a case of man versus himself. Many times in the passage, Macbeth relays signs of fear but with reward near by. Contained in Macbeths aside are very important elements of dramatic purpose as well as a central purpose that foreshadows the underlying theme of the whole play. Central purpose is achieved through Macbeths arguments with himself and the tone he conveys. He asks himself questions, attempting to work them out in his head, giving the reader a short psychoanalysis of what he is thinking and why. The central purpose in the passage is that of ultimate betrayal. The witches have given him prophecies that he will become Thane of Cawdor and later the King of Scotland and one thinks that will please Macbeth but in actuality it wreaks havoc with his emotions and feelings. If good, why do I yield to that suggestion whose horrid image doth unfix my hair and make my seated heart knock at my ribs...? is a question posed by Macbeth to himself. The use of such rhetoric lets the reader realize that there is inevitably something wrong with Macbeth becoming king and that something will have to go down before his success. Showing the reader that there is evil masked among the great success, gives off images of betrayal and also that nothing is ever as it seems. Dramatic purpose is shown in many ways throughout the passage. The main instrument used to advance the drama in the passage are the questions that Macbeth asks himself. The questions reveal that something is wrong and that Macbeth feels insecure about receiving these positions, showing how much evil is rustling beneath the glory. Also boosting the drama is Macbeths repetition of words favoring darkness. If ill...., ...horrid images..., and ...whose murder..., all reemphasize the fact that above all, darkness is ever present in the passage. In the passage from Macbeth, dramatic purpose and central purpose are conveyed to show the ultimate image of darkness and eventual betrayal of Duncan by Macbeth. Although slight, Shakespeare skillfully goes around the point and turns the words into more a foreshadowing image that a tell-all image. The tact in Shakespeares language is essential the reader understanding the complexities of the play.

Joseph Winters and the Fire Escape Ladder

Joseph Winters and the Fire Escape Ladder On May 7, 1878, the fire escape ladder was patented by Joseph Winters. Joseph Winters invented a wagon-mounted fire escape ladder for the city of Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. A historic marker was placed in 2005 at the Junior Hose and Truck Company #2 in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania noting Winters patents for the fire escape ladder and hose conductor and his work on the Underground Railway. It lists his dates of birth and death as 1816-1916. Life of Joseph Winters There are at least three different, widely varying birth years given for Joseph Winters, from 1816 to 1830 by various sources. His mother was Shawnee and his father, James, was a black brickmaker who worked at Harpers Ferry to build the federal gun factory and arsenal. The familys tradition said that his father was also descended Powhatan chief  Opechancanough. Joseph was raised by his grandmother Betsy Cross in Waterford, Virginia, where she was known as the Indian Doctor woman, a herbalist and healer. His later knowledge of nature may have stemmed from this time. At that time there were free black families in the area and Quakers who were active abolitionists. Winters used the nickname Indian Dick in his publications. Joseph also later worked at Harpers Ferry sanding brick molds before the family moved to Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. In Chambersburg, he was active in the Underground Railroad, helping enslaved people escape to freedom. In Winters  autobiography, he claimed to have arranged the meeting between Frederick Douglass and abolitionist John Brown at the quarry in Chambersburg before the historic Harpers Ferry raid. Douglasss autobiography credits a different person, local barber Henry Watson. Winters wrote a song, Ten Days After the Battle of Gettysburg, and also used that as the title for his lost autobiography. He also wrote a campaign song for presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan, who lost to William McKinley. He was noted for hunting, fishing, and fly-tying. He engaged in oil prospecting in the Chambersburg area but his wells only hit the water. He died in 1916 and is buried in Mount Lebanon Cemetery in Chambersburg. Fire Ladder Inventions of Joseph Winters Buildings were being built taller and taller in American cities in the late 19th century. Fire crews at that time carried ladders on their horse-drawn fire engines. These were usually normal ladders, and they couldnt be too long or the engine wouldnt be able to turn corners into narrow streets or alleys. These ladders were used to evacuate residents from burning buildings as well as to give the firemen and their hoses access. Winters thought it would be smarter to have the ladder mounted on the fire engine and be articulated so it could be raised up from the wagon itself. He made this folding design for the city of Chambersburg and received a patent for it. He later patented improvements to this design. In 1882 he patented a fire escape that could be attached to buildings. He reportedly received much praise but little money for his inventions. Fire Ladder Patents US patent #203,517 Improvement in fire-escape ladders, granted on May 7, 1878.US patent #214,224 Improvement in fire-escape ladders, granted on April 8, 1879.US patent #258186 Fire escape, granted on May 16, 1882.

Argument for Euthanasia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Argument for Euthanasia - Essay Example Sometimes euthanasia refers to assisted suicide owing to the fact that a physician has to be involved in the act. I seek to defend the rule and existence of euthanasia in the contemporary society with much consideration of the impact that pain results to individuals. It is true that euthanasia relieves a patient from suffering prolonged pain especially due to diseases that are not easily treated. Euthanasia should be endorsed at all costs because it leads to easy death without necessarily letting an individual patient undergo long-term suffering occasioned by terminal disease. The proponents of euthanasia in the views of Soifer claim that the values of life encompass self- determination, which allows individuals, make proper decision in accordance with how they perceive good life (13). Individual patients have the rights of accepting to be under life sustaining technology or left to die. One is supposed to decide by oneself the nature of death he/she deems better as a way of alleviat ing suffering. In addition, ethics allow the family of the patient to call for euthanasia when it realizes that the victim may survive even after receiving series of treatment (Soifer 12). This may be viable especially in the conditions where the patient has become burden to the family in terms of medical care bills while posing no signs of improvement. The two modalities of assisted euthanasia should be applied depending on the circumstance that requires provision of assisted death to an ailing patient. The families of the patients suffering from terminal pains should always be allowed to opt for passive involuntary euthanasia to be carried on the patient. Considering the fact the family members of the patient are the ones who cater for medical of the patient, they should always be allowed to make decisions for doctors to overdose the patients or disconnect the patient from the sustaining machines. Practicing euthanasia on persons perceived to have little or no probability of survi ving should be approved for the act save governments and individual intimates of the patient some amount of money and revenue that can otherwise be enhanced in developing other sectors if economy. Endorsing euthanasia will mean increased death rates in an economy, which may lead balanced distribution of resources in an economy thereby stabilizing and strengthening the specific economy. Active voluntary euthanasia proclaimed by the individual patient under proper mental consciences. Active euthanasia bears great elements of self-rights and self-decision concerning the manner in which an individual plan to conduct his/ her life. In addition, every individual has expanse right to die and should not be deterred from deciding death if his/her decision to die does not pose negative effects to other people. It is explicitly wrong to let an ailing patient continue to suffer over a disease that has no possible cure at the time that he/she has expressed willingness to die. With the growing po pulation of ill people across the world to an extent that there arises immense shortage of health facilities, endorsing euthanasia will assist in evacuating the congested health facilities. When the terminally sick individuals continue to occupy beds and space, other patients who only suffer from curable diseases may lack and miss health facilities. I also stand to support the legislations formulated in Netherlands that supports practicing of voluntary euthana

Mangement on personal planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mangement on personal planning - Essay Example (Caldwell) The first key step in scheduling your finances is to have a prearranged budget that consist of savings, expenses, and investments. Needing a static budget will help you stick to your strategy to make certain future achievement. After a twosome of months it would be very relaxed to tell if your financial plan needs to be reformed to fit with your individual circumstances. A periodic budget not only assistances to set up lasting financial objectives, it also can make your immediate budget subjects disappear. Knowing precisely where your money is going every month can retain you out of dues, and can help you figure out where you might have future budgetary concerns. Your financial plan can also assist you to come up with an instantaneous reserves plan if you have a hefty pending expenditure, such as college for your kids or a new home. Exploration is imperative when it comes to conception your financial plan, particularly when it comes to financing money for your upcoming and your fami ly. The best part of individual financial arrangement is that your future will be more protected. You will no longer have to concern about needing money for out of the blue expenses such as emergency hospital visits or a car accidents. Setting a little extra money away in your budget can deal you harmony of mind that you under no circumstances had when living wages to wages. Personal economic planning pointers to the eventual goal: a comfy retirement. At long last, this is the most significant motive to blueprint for your future. With an unbalanced economy, and social sanctuary reimbursements in the balance, having sufficient money to contentedly continue after retirement is indispensable. No one recognizes what the years to derive will take along, so make sure your own life in control can be a huge progressive. Having a well alleged financial plan can countenance to be safe and sound now and confident for the

Dracula and Kenneth Essay Example for Free

Dracula and Kenneth Essay The high angle shot and extreme long shot looking down at Dracula and Harker crossing through the hall. This shot draws attention to Draculas extremely long red cape streaming out behind him like a trail of blood. The low angle shot shows Dracula looming over Harker and makes him look powerful, like he is in control. Many two shots are used to allow the audience to make comparisons between the two characters. The low angle shot is also used to emphasize the shadows movements. The low lighting helps with casting Draculas shadow which is again typical of horror. Draculas eerie shadow moving in the gloom is very effective for scaring the audience as the combination of shadow with candle light works exceptionally well for this scene. This candle light makes the gloomy aspect more present as the castle is immense and there are not very many candles so most of the entrance hallway would be beyond the reach of the light and in darkness, which makes it very scary as you do not know what lurks in the gloom. There is orchestral music played by the strings which go low and slow to create a sinister atmosphere. This music adds to the feeling of tension, the feeling that something is going to happen. The music gets louder and quicker when Harker offends Dracula by laughing and Dracula gets furious and pulls out a sword. This combined with the change of pace and volume of the music makes the audience become afraid, a typical trick of horror. There are many different sound effects in this scene from Dracula. There is the howling of the savage wolves, which scares the audience and makes the element of horror and wildness of the setting more clear. There was the thunder, which is typical of a horror movie. The clanging of the huge, metal gates emphasizes the feeling of the strength and inescapability of the castle and that Harker will not be able to escape and this will be his prison for the rest of his life. Harkers costume is typical of a man of those times. He wears a suit and is very neatly presented. He has his hair combed very carefully. Draculas is very different. He wears a huge red robe which trails out behind him like blood. His hair is curled up high and is white and it mixes with the skin on the back of his neck which makes him look weird and scary. His skin is white and wrinkled like an old man and this creates the effect that he has been drained of all his blood and that helps you to understand his lust for blood and the way he talks about the preciousness of blood. It makes him look very scary and effective, almost dead in a way. It also makes him look exotic and abnormal. He would stand out in a crowd of normal people. There were quite a few similarities between the film extract and the text; both were set in a huge, Gothic castle with a vast courtyard. The stone was massively carved and the door was old and studded. Both had creeping shadows and lanterns. In both the film extract and the text, Dracula is portrayed as having hairy palms (abnormal), profuse hair, an extraordinary pallor as he is very pale, he is portrayed as being an old man in both and he is also similarly portrayed as speaking with a strange intonation (foreign accent). The similarities between the film extract and the text with Harker is that in both they portray his feelings of anxiety and his crossing of the threshold is made significant. The differences are that in the text, Dracula is described as having bushy eyebrows and a moustache whereas in the film extract he has a plain face. In the text, Dracula is dressed in all black while in the film he is dressed in white which emphasizes his paleness with a red cape that is more powerfully visual as looking like blood flowing behind him. Also in the text Dracula is portrayed as having a red mouth with protuberant, pointed teeth while in the film he is shown as having a pale mouth and normal teeth. The director uses this look in order to make Dracula look like a normal human, adding to the feeling of mystery surrounding him, and to make him different from the stereotypic image of Dracula. Summary These two films engage a modern audience in the way the films use clever tricks to give suspense, which can be overlooked in some of the newer horror films that rely on the amount of blood that comes out rather than clever filming and jumpy moments. In short, Dracula and Frankenstein were very similar in the way that they portrayed the typical horror tricks and consisted of similar camera angles to each other point out various bits. I thought that Dracula, both the written extract and the film extract fitted the horror genre a bit better than Frankenstein as it was more believable for me. I also thought that the film extract was much more scary, although Frankenstein wasnt bad and had its moments of fright. My final views were that Dracula was on the whole filmed better than Frankenstein as it used the different camera angles more effectively in my opinion. Andrew Baillie 10ALB Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Mary Shelley section.

Marketing Analysis of Ecovers Current Position in the Market Essay

Marketing Analysis of Ecover's Current Position in the Market 1. Introduction The assignments mainly consists of the following parts: Firstly, an analysis of Ecover’s current position in the market. Secondly, how Ecover is changing its competitive strategy. Thirdly, consumer behaviour towards detergent. Finally, an outline for new marketing strategy for Ecover to enter the supermarket. 2. Background Ecover was founded in 1979 by Frans Bogaerts.It was a modest little detergent company in Malle in northern Belgium. Pierres Magnin a successful Swiss businessman dealing with pharmacies and health food stores, suggested Bogaerts to develop an eco-friendly detergent free of harmful chemicals (which was to be banned by the Swiss government as a part the proposed environmental regulations). Thus they entered the detergent market in Swiss and other key markets. Environmental disasters have made more and more people aware of the urgent need to protect the natural environment. 3 Marketing Audit Marketing audit give a picture of where the company is, how did it get there and where is it heading. It goes through the through the strength, weakness, opportunities and threat of the company. This analysis is called the SWOT analysis. It is divided into two major parts: External Factors and Internal Factors Strength and weakness are concerned with the internal factors and opportunity and threat are concerned with the external factors. 3.1 External Factors Here only opportunities and threats are analysed as these are supposed to be listed as anticipated events or trends outside the business that have implications for performance. These factors are not controllable by the company. Some of the factors discussed here are: 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Macro environment 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Market 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Competition 3.1.1Macro Environment Macro Environment consists of Political (P), Economical (E), Social (S) and Technological (T) factors that affect the Company. Continuous monitoring of these variables is an important marketing function. As Corporations today, Ecover is also sensitive to Macro Environmental changes. Some of the PEST factors that affected Ecover are discussed below. Political: Marketing strategy is deeply affected by political trends. Issues like new laws, regulations, change in foreign policies etc brings change to t he bus... ...entalists to recommend its products. 9.Appendix Appendix 1: Survey of consumer attitudes:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Australia  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Canada  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Germany  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Italy  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Japan  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Holland  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Spain  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Switzerland  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Pay 10-15% more for green products  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  69  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  72  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  68  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  79  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  42  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  87  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  85  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  80  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Boycott others  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  82  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  76  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  79  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  43  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  74  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  86  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  75  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Give up 10-15% quality for environmental safety  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  65  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  62  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  80  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  45  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  74  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  64  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  78  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Pay more even if its hard to make end meet  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  43  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  47  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  65  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  46  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  46  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  64  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  64  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Source: David Jobber, 1998,Princilpes and practice of Marketing, 2nd Edition. Appendix 2: Table showing Ecover’s competitors ’ market share: Market Share Competitors in Germany& Austria  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   More than 50% Competitors in Swiss & Germany  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Almost 50% P&G and Unilever together (in 1980s)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Almost 80% Private brands (by 1990)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   10-30% 10. Bibliography 1. David Jobber, 1998, Principles and practice of Marketing, Second edition. 2.Subash.C.Jain, 1997, Marketing Planning & Strategy, Fifth Edition. 3.Wayne D.Hoyer, Deborah J.Maclinns, 1997, Consumer Behaviour.

Reconciliation Of Personal, Cultural, Organizational And Ethical Values Essay

The values and ethics people carry in their personal and professional life are important determinants of their growth and development. The eventual success of a person is realized through self understanding and actualization and not through relentless manipulation of material resources. Successful reconciliation of personal, organizational, and cultural values and ethics require a number of strategies, some of which are discussed below Communication: Communication is requires towards establishment of rapport with each diverse group. People within a large organization differ not only from their cultural, religious, and social orientations, but also from their professional orientation and interests. These differences widen when many different functional units of an organization, with their philosophies and approach towards work, are required to undergo technology amalgamation (Harris, 1993). These differences often lead to conflicts in the personal and cultural value system, which lead to conflict at workplace, distress in personal and professional life and issues in integration with the organizational setup (ibid). Communication is the key to resolve this deadlock, without causing any antagonistic and negative feelings. People should be aware that organizations are dependent on successful coordination among number of teams and people. Hence they should try to initiate measures that would avoid projecting any conflict or confrontation in interests within the organization. They should be sensitive to each other’s ethnic, social, religious and individual backgrounds and understand their views as sum of their personal growth Sometimes people resent opinions of others, involve their ego and stop to cooperate, coordinate or understand the need to assimilate their juniors and seniors to achieve organizational goals (Swanson, 2005). A successful communication strategy shall effectively address these problems at their inception point and ensure that they do not emerge as any significant stumbling block in ideological merging of various cultural groups (Rahim, 2001). Ensuring Interconnectedness Understanding the collective responsibility and appreciation of team work and group interaction is necessary in embedding the value culture that helps in the reconciliation approach. This would help people to come out of their individual shells and get integrated with their colleagues (Harris, 1993; Rahim, 2001). Understanding inherent organizational contradictions It is important to teach people about recognizing and respecting that contradiction occurs in other people, their experience and circumstances, their view points, their ideological background and their value based system. Understanding the role of crises A timely recognition that crises and conflicts are inbuilt of component of life and progress is achieved by incorporating them in the philosophy towards life should be able to show people that above all the things, they require harmony, and cooperation for things to successfully work (Rahim, 2001) Kinship with others The communication expert should specifically stress on building associations and help in realizing that every one is important and deserves equal respect from others. It is the first requirement of building strong and lasting bonds within any organization. When people are organized in teams, they share similar goals and they work towards joint growth and development (Harris, 1993; Rahim, 2001). Respecting the opposition. It teaches about taking opposition as constructive contradiction, instead of viewing it in negative perspective. A constructive opposition always helps in finding out mistakes in one’s own approach, rectify them and move ahead successfully. Negotiation: An important aspect of communication management is negotiation which has become important within organizational and social setups. As. Negotiation, requires interested parties to trade proposals for settlement. Generally the process of negotiation proceeds through motives that are competitive, integrative, cooperative and composite (Levy, 1999) . The approach of communication in the entire process of negotiation is concerned with the messages that are transferred among negotiators and the concerned parties. Reconciliation of Ethics Business and ethics are always considered opposite to each other. The general conception of business is that it is a commercial activity with aims to earn maximum income and maximize profit where levels of deceit, subterfuge, and conceit are much higher than socially seen or found (Swanson, 2005). However, this concept of business is archaic and medieval. Today, most of the businesses have developed their own philosophies, which although not exactly philanthropic, but contains a broad social and human vision, and attempts to see business activities as integral part of comprehensive human functions. Modern business is as much based on cardinal principle of profit maximization as on the neo-thoughts of values, morals and ethics. The foundation of business world is on ethics of honesty and commitment where contacts are honored, promises are maintained, and rights of property are observed. Observing ethical values and practices indeed brings positive results as ethical companies face less problems, less litigation and less regulations (Guy, 1990). Corporate Values and corporate culture Ethics are not stand-alone concepts or abstract morals that are hung on wall for ocular delights. They are values and best practices that should be embedded in the working culture that corporations, in their attempts to promote business ethics and best practices, should ensure that their employees are well aware of the values and principles that the corporation aims to pursue. The concept of organizational culture has emerged as most enduring and successful business concept in the ethical dimensions (Bjerke,1999). Business managers, academicians, and corporate leaders all agree that organizational culture as a part of business strategy is crucialfor a firm to maintain and sustain the high standards of operation, decision making and future planning while ensuring expansion, innovation, and entrepreneurship (Oden, 1997). The role of organizational culture, in promoting ethical behavior and establishing organization wide accepted norms and working principles is paramount and it is recognized in the corporate quarters, that evolving a healthy organizational culture is probably the best method to create ethical, value based, principled and visionary business practices (Swanson, 2005). Modifying Organizational behavior An organization is a product of the values and ethics its employees carry in and employ to attain the organization’s goal. The eventual success of an organization is realized not through manipulation of material resources, but on the ability of the organization to understand the human factor involved with it. This led to the concept of the organizational behavior (OB) that studies the human behavior in the organizations to help employees develop a better work related understanding of their surrounding, their co-workers and eventually about themselves. Today organizational behavior is seen as an powerful tool that is necessary for one’s career development and success in a complex and dynamic organizational process. The essence of organizational behavior is people. It attempts to understand their aspirations, hopes, personal and professional ambitions, desire for accomplishments, all set in the dynamic context of globalization, modernity, diversity, pressure of managing home and work, electronic and communication revolutions and continuously changing aspects of business and industry that raise new and unpredictable challenges and responsibilities to the management and consequently to the workers (Harris, 1993). Organizational Culture. While the employees’ individual values and ethics define their personal approach to work and workplace, there are some shared values and modalities of behavior that each of them reflects when working together. This shared notion of values and ethics that endemic to an organization is called as the Organization’s culture. Basically organizational culture is defined as system of shared values, beliefs, actions and best practices that evolve within an organization and determine the behavior of each of its member. While organizational behavior may remain same across multiple organizations, organization’s culture is typically particular to the organization and no two organizations may share the exactly same organizational culture Managing Diversity An organization that doesn’t understands or values diversity, doesn’t understand its employees. Diversity is an inherent part of human society. It becomes more important when globalization has made organizational employees lineup multi-cultural, with people from different religious beliefs, ethnic backgrounds and culture working together towards same goals and missions. Therefore it is vital that the organization values their diversity while integrating them as part of its own culture. Conclusion There is little disagreement on the challenges and difficulties in bringing about a complete reconciliation of all the elements discussed in this essay and some difference is bound to exist. However, the increasingly multi-cultured and multi-valued landscape of the world has its own coping strategies and requirements. Globalization has narrowed down the divides that formerly allowed separated existence. Today’s world is culturally congested and value crowded, where every person must create a harmony to maintain a secular balance and growth. References Bjerke, B. 1999. Business Leadership and Culture: National Management Styles in the Global Economy. Publisher: Edward Elgar. Cheltenham, England. Guy, M. E. 1990. Ethical Decision Making in Everyday Work Situations. Publisher: Quorum Books. Place of Publication: Westport, CT. Harris, T. A. 1993. Applied Organizational Communication: Perspectives, Principles, and Pragmatics. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Hillsdale, NJ. Levy, G. M. 1999. Resolving real estate disputes. Real Estate Issues; Chicago; Oden, H. W. 1997. Managing Corporate Culture, Innovation and Intrapreneurship. Quorum Books. Westport, CT. Rahim, M. A (2001), Managing Conflict in Organizations. Contributors: M. Afzalur: Quorum Books. Westport, CT Swanson, D. L. 2005. Business Ethics Education at Bay: Addressing a Crisis of Legitimacy. Journal Title: Issues in Accounting Education. Volume: 20. Issue: 3. Page Number: 247+.

Great expectations coursework Essay

My essay is going to be about the 1876 edition novel ‘Great Expectations. ‘ The author of this novel is Charles Dickens. When the novel opens we meet Pip as a rather young child. Pip is the narrator as well as the main character. This is known as the first person. Pip as an adult talks about Pip as a child. He talks about his life as a child and how it was a struggle without his parents being around to help him. This makes it interesting to read. Dickens creates sympathy for Pip by talking about his dead parents. â€Å"As I never saw my father or my mother, and never saw any image of either of them. † This suggests that Pip never saw his parents because he was young when they died. Pip also tries to create an image of what they looked like. Another way Dickens creates sympathy is by talking about Pip’s dead brothers. â€Å"They all had been born on their backs with there hands in their trouser pockets. † This makes us think of them in a childish way like the young Pip. In the 19th century people used to die commonly so if they read this novel they wouldn’t suffer any sympathy because the death rate was regular. If a person read this novel in the 20 century they would feel sympathy because the death rate is much less and we are not used to children dying anymore. Dickens knew what a poor existence was like as a child because he had been through it all. He came from a working class family. In his school the teacher paid particular consideration to Dickens because he was making incredible progress but he was forced to leave school at the age of 12 and go labour in a factory because his parents were in enormous debt. To write this book Dickens got his sympathy from his early days. What he saw in his time made him want to write about how life wasn’t fair. The opening chapters are good at getting us to feel all sorts of emotions. The way Dickens gets the readers awareness is he creates a tense, terrifying setting. The reader then knows something dreadful is going to take place so he reads on. Dickens describes how frightening the setting is. â€Å"The small bundle of shivers growing afraid of it all and beginning to cry was Pip. † This suggests that he is extremely terrified of the graveyard that he is in. Dickens describes the graveyard as a hiding place for people. â€Å"And that the distant savage lair from which the wind was rushing was the sea. † This suggests that the grave yard can be used as a hiding place because of its darkness and emptiness. All of this makes the reader really scared so that we can feel the same as Pip. Dickens was especially renowned for the good way he created his characters. We meet one of his bloodcurdling characters in this novel. Dickens describes the character as a fearful man, all in course grey, with a great iron on his leg. A man who had been â€Å"soaked in water and smothered in mud, and lamed by stones, and cut by flints and stung by nettles, and torn by briars; who limped, and shivered. † This suggests that the man had been through an awful lot to get to where is. He also wanted to really escape from the prison that he was held in. We know that he had been to prison because of the great iron on his leg. We also know that he had been beaten by stones, drenched in water, smothered in mud, slashed by flints and unpleasantly cold. I can feel what he is feeling because of the words Dickens uses. Dickens uses dialogue to state where his characters come from and how their personality is. The convict uses dialect language. â€Å"Show us where you live, pint out the place. † This tells us that the convict doesn’t use correct English language instead of saying ‘point’ he says ‘pint’ missing out the ‘o’. this tells me that he is from a working class not a middle class like Estella or other ladies and gentlemen. Dickens is very intelligent the way he creates his characters names. This helps use to discover what the characters are like and what part they play. Mrs Joe Gargery takes on her husbands name to show other people that she’s the one who obeys her husband. The reader sees a different side. Mrs Joe Gargery is the one in charge and her husband obeys her. Dickens is using ironic humour here to make us laugh at the situation. I liked the first two chapters of the novel that I studied because it was very thrilling to examine about how existence was like in the historic days. I liked the way Dickens wrote this novel because he described the background in a lot of detail.

How to Prepare Common Base Solutions

How to Prepare Common Base Solutions Prepare solutions of common bases using this handy reference table which lists the amount of solute  (concentrated base solution) that is used to make 1 L of base solution. Stir the base into a large volume of water and then dilute the solution to make one liter. Use care when adding sodium hydroxide to water, since this is an exothermic reaction that generates considerable heat. Be sure to use borosilicate glass and consider immersing the container in a bucket of ice to keep the heat down. Use solid sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide to prepare solutions of those bases. Use concentrated (14.8 M) ammonium hydroxide for those preparations. Base Solution Peparations   Name / Formula / F.W. Concentration Amount/Liter Ammonium Hydroxide 6 M 405 mL NH4OH 3 M 203 F.W. 35.05 1 M 68 0.5 M 34 0.1 M 6.8 Potassium Hydroxide 6 M 337 g KOH 3 M 168 F.W. 56.11 1 M 56 0.5 M 28 0.1 M 5.6 Sodium Hydroxide 6 M 240 g NaOH 3 M 120 F.W. 40.00 1 M 40 0.5 M 20 0.1 M 4.0

Periodical Essay Definition and Examples

Periodical Essay Definition and Examples A periodical essay is an essay (that is, a short work of nonfiction) published in a magazine or journalin particular, an essay that appears as part of a series. The 18th century is considered the great age of the periodical essay in English. Notable periodical essayists of the 18th century include Joseph Addison, Richard Steele, Samuel Johnson, and Oliver Goldsmith. Observations on the Periodical Essay The periodical essay in Samuel Johnsons view presented general knowledge appropriate for circulation in common talk. This accomplishment had only rarely been achieved in an earlier time and now was to contribute to political harmony by introducing subjects to which faction had produced no diversity of sentiment such as literature, morality and family life.  (Marvin B. Becker, The Emergence of Civil Society in the Eighteenth Century. Indiana University Press, 1994) The Expanded Reading Public and the Rise of the Periodical Essay The largely middle-class readership did not require a university education to get through the contents of  periodicals and pamphlets written in a middle style and offering instruction to people with rising social expectations. Early eighteenth-century publishers and editors recognized the existence of such an audience and found the means for satisfying its taste. . . . [A] host of periodical writers, Addison and Sir Richard Steele outstanding among them, shaped their styles and contents to satisfy these readers tastes and interests. Magazinesthose medleys of borrowed and original material and open-invitations to reader participation in publicationstruck what modern critics would term a distinctly middlebrow note in literature.The most pronounced features of the magazine were its brevity of individual items and the variety of its contents. Consequently, the essay played a significant role in such periodicals, presenting commentary on politics, religion, and social matters among its many topics.  (Robert Donald Spector, Samuel Johnson and the Essay. Greenwood, 1997) Characteristics of the 18th-Century Periodical Essay The formal properties of the periodical essay were largely defined through the practice of Joseph Addison and Steele in their two most widely read series, the Tatler (1709-1711) and the Spectator (1711-1712; 1714). Many characteristics of these two papersthe fictitious nominal proprietor, the group of fictitious contributors who offer advice and observations from their special viewpoints, the miscellaneous and constantly changing fields of discourse, the use of exemplary character sketches, letters to the editor from fictitious correspondents, and various other typical featuresexisted before Addison and Steele set to work, but these two wrote with such effectiveness and cultivated such attention in their readers that the writing in the Tatler and Spectator served as the models for periodical writing in the next seven or eight decades.  (James R. Kuist, Periodical Essay. The Encyclopedia of the Essay, edited by Tracy Chevalier. Fitzroy Dearborn, 1997) The Evolution of the Periodical Essay in the 19th Century By 1800 the single-essay periodical had virtually disappeared, replaced by the serial essay published in magazines and journals. Yet in many respects, the work of the early-19th-century familiar essayists reinvigorated the Addisonian essay tradition, though emphasizing eclecticism, flexibility, and experientiality. Charles Lamb, in his serial Essays of Elia (published in the London Magazine during the 1820s), intensified the self-expressiveness of the experientialist essayistic voice. Thomas De Quinceys periodical essays blended autobiography and literary criticism, and William Hazlitt sought in his periodical essays to combine the literary and the conversational.  (Kathryn Shevelow, Essay. Britain in the Hanoverian Age, 1714-1837, ed. by Gerald Newman and Leslie Ellen Brown. Taylor Francis, 1997) Columnists and Contemporary Periodical Essays Writers of the popular periodical essay have in common both brevity and regularity; their essays are generally intended to fill a specific space in their publications, be it so many column inches on a feature or op-ed page or a page or two in a predictable location in a magazine. Unlike freelance essayists who can shape the article to serve the subject matter, the columnist more often shapes the subject matter to fit the restrictions of the column. In some ways this is inhibiting because it forces the writer to limit and omit material; in other ways, it is liberating, because it frees the writer from the need to worry about finding a form and lets him or her concentrate on the development of ideas.  (Robert L. Root, Jr., Working at Writing: Columnists and Critics Composing. SIU Press, 1991)

Summary three articles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Summary three articles - Essay Example This structure offered a solid statement on the connection between human rights and business practices; identifying that while governments have the principal duty to safeguard and uphold human rights, businesses have the duty to value the human rights of their workers and consumers. It also reiterated the importance of wronged persons having access to efficient non-judicial as well as judicial remedies in cases of contraventions of human rights. The United Nations Human Rights Council collectively authorized the Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, in 2011, to make the framework functional. These doctrines present a global standard for checking as well as addressing the risk of unfavorable human outcomes that are related to business functions. The principles include preventing and dealing with favoritism and harassment, supporting women to take over roles of leadership, encouraging companies to institute paid parental leave , encouraging factors that help consumers to reach businesses more effectively, and endorsing plans for disability action. Other principles are promoting practices that preserve the environment, resolving grievances, and removing barriers against employees of a mature age. Global corporations are habitually accused of being offenders in conflicts over human rights abuses as well as ecological problems in developing nations. Due to the lack of financial assets, the groups campaigning for environmental preservation usually appeal to overseas consumer audiences to coerce multinational corporations into doing the right thing. The Royal Dutch/Shell first discovered oil in the Nigerian Ogoni lands in 1958. Some environmental protection groups assert that the corporation has raked in more than $30 billion as a result of oil mining since then. However, Shell has not appeared to give back in any way to the community that